Toward robust scalar-based gradient plasticity modeling and simulation at finite deformations

Strain gradient plasticity has been the subject of extensive research in past 40 years order to model size effects metal plasticity, on one hand, and provide finite width shear bands simulation localization phenomena, other hand. However, use emerging models is still limited academic applications not yet adopted by industry practitioners. The present paper systematically reviews pros cons at strains based scalar plastic variables, particular cumulative strain. It proposes benchmark tests addressing both effect modeling strain simulation. includes new analytical solutions for validation FE implementation. focuses micromorphic approach as a convenient method implementation codes. New features analysis include comparison three distinct formulations rate-independent deformations, multiplicative decomposition deformation quadratic potentials with respect terms. performance Lagrange-multiplier-based evaluated various monotonic cyclic loading conditions including confined simple glide tension, bending torsion large deformations. Limitations are pointed out case torsion, which can be overcome instance equivalent model.